Vol. 28, No. 3, 2006 (October)
	Content

THE ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF THYMOQUINONE AND THYMOHYDROQUINONE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

S. Ivankovic¹, R. Stojkovic^1, *, M. Jukic², M. Milos², M. Milos³ M. Jurin¹

¹Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
²Department of Biochemistry and Food chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, 21000 Split, Croatia
³Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1204 Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate antitumor activity of thymoquinone (TQ) and thymohydroquinone (THQ) in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: In the in vitro experiments, L929 mouse ?broblasts and two tumor cell lines (squamous cell carcinoma (SCC VII) and fibrosarcoma (FsaR)) were used. The cells were cultured with 0.1 or 0.01 mg/ml TQ or THQ for 24 h, and cytotoxicity assay was performed with the use of crystal violet staining technique. For in vivo antitumor efficiency evaluation of new compounds two murine tumor models (fibrosarcoma (FsaR) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC VII)) were used. The used dose was equal for both substances. Antitumor effect of 4 intratumoral injections of TQ and THQ at the dose of 5 mg/kg was evaluated by comparison of tumor growth kinetics between treated and control animals. Results: In vitro study showed that TQ and THQ exhibit statistically significant cytotoxic activity (p < 0.01). The cytotoxic activity was dose dependent and more expressed against tumor cells than against L929 fibroblasts. The result of antitumor activities of TQ and THQ in vivo reached TGI = 52% and it was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that THQ antitumor activity may be improved with further dose increase of the investigated substance.

Key Words: thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, antitumor activity, in vitro, in vivo, mice

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